The consideration of welding induced initial
imperfection and residual stress in local element
have degrading effect on the ultimate strength the
ship. However, these effects occur at separate
times in ship’s life; the residual stress and
imperfection are present from the very early stage
of ship’s life, where as the corrosion increases
with passage of time. If an allowance for corrosion
is included in the design, then reduction allowance
for residual stress and imperfection should be
considered.
High compressive stresses due to the hogging
initiated the buckling in the lower parts of the
structure causing a reduction in resistance, and
progressive compressive failure spread upwards
through the structure. The probability of failure in
the hogging case has been significantly high
compared to that in sagging. So it can be
summarised that the VLCC is more prone to
failure in hogging compared to sagging, as
actually happened during its failure.
Top 10 richest Malaysians in 2014: Malaysia now boasts a total of eighteen billionaires, up from fourteen a year ago! Let's now take a look at the ten of the richest locals in 2014. As many Malaysians are well aware of, our country is going through a period of lows; our currency, the Ringgit, is weakening, we are experiencing a slowing economy and a lackluster stock market. All these come together to affect those who are earning a regular salary. But all of it is probably nothing more than an extra shrug from the guys on this list – if at all. In fact, some of those on the Forbes’ Malaysia’s Richest Tycoon list (ie the richest Malaysians, as of March 2014) have seen their fortunes increase as well, due to shrewd business decisions (amongst other things) despite economic conditions. Malaysia now boasts a total of eighteen billionaires, up from fourteen a year ago! Let’s now take a look at the ten of the richest locals in 2014. Source: Forbes’ Malaysia’s 50 Richest List Number 10: ...
Comments