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John B. Caldwell, DSc gained a PhD in Civil Engineering at Bristol University before joining the Royal Naval Scientific Service. In 1966 he was appointed to the Chair of Naval Architecture at Newcastle University where he later became Dean of Engineering. His publications mainly concern marine structural design, safety and education. He is a Fellow of Engineering and was President of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects from 1984 to 1987.
A ship is an obvious example of a relatively large and complex engineering system, and in most cases the vessel itself is a part of an even larger system which influences with its behaviour, shape and the economics involved in all the processes involved in building and maintaining such a complex system. The ship consists of several subsystems, each essential to the whole system such as the propulsion subsystem, and the cargo handling subsystem. The structure of the ship can be regarded as a subsystem providing physical means whereby other subsystems are integrated into the whole and given adequate protection and suitable foundation for their operation. In general terms the design of an engineering system may be defined as “The formulation of an accurate model of the system in order to analyze its response-internal and external-to its environment, and the use of an optimization method to determine the system characteristics that will best achieve a specified objective, while a
There are certain common features that successful people exhibit and that anyone can practice. They are what can jumpstart your success and attract what you want in life. You'd be hard pressed to find any high achiever who doesn't live by the following 7 tips: 1. Take No Less than 100% Responsibility for Your Life One of the greatest myths that is pervasive in our culture today is the idea that you are entitled to a great life – and that somehow, somewhere, someone is responsible for filling our lives with continual happiness, exciting career options, nurturing family time, and blissful personal relationships simply because we exist. But the real truth is that there is only one person responsible for the quality of the life you live. That person is you. Everything about you is a result of your doing or not doing. Income. Debt. Relationships. Health. Fitness level. Attitudes and behaviors. That person who reflects back at you in the mirror is the chief conductor in your
Shear Lag Simple beam theory assumes that plane cross sections remain plane, and that therefore the bending stress is directly proportional to the distance from the neutral axis. Thus in any flange-and-web type of beam, the stress should be constant across the flanges. However, in most cases the bending is not caused by the applica tion of a pure couple to the ends of the beam; rather, it is caused by vertical loads, and these loads are ab sorbed by the webs of the beam and not by the flanges. That is, even for a hull girder, in which the vertical loads may initially act on the flanges (e.g., pressure on the bottom), they are immediately transferred to the webs by transverse beams and frames; the plating of the flanges can only take longi tudinal in-plane loads (we are discussing principal loads, not small local loads). Therefore, the vertical loads act on the webs and cause them to deflect to some radius of
The consideration of welding induced initial imperfection and residual stress in local element have degrading effect on the ultimate strength the ship. However, these effects occur at separate times in ship’s life; the residual stress and imperfection are present from the very early stage of ship’s life, where as the corrosion increases with passage of time. If an allowance for corrosion is included in the design, then reduction allowance for residual stress and imperfection should be considered. High compressive stresses due to the hogging initiated the buckling in the lower parts of the structure causing a reduction in resistance, and progressive compressive failure spread upwards through the structure. The probability of failure in the hogging case has been significantly high compared to that in sagging. So it can be summarised that the VLCC is more prone to failure in hogging compared to sagging, as actually happened during its failure.
The 10 powerful habits that will make you a millionaire: 1. Simplify Your Words How well do you spread your message? Millionaires know how to share their message in simplest terms. They use their words with precision and possess deep meaning in what they say. Personally, I peruse the dictionary every day, but I would never attempt to use every word I know. By speaking pompously, many people exterminate their opportunities. In short, never drown people in the sea of verbosity. To learn to speak with ease, join your local Toastmasters club to brush up on your communication skills. Unfortunately, too many people get lazy with their communication and subtly conform to the habits of others. However, millionaires diligently work on how to improve what they say and seamlessly find easier ways to say it, whether it's verbally or written. 2. Abandon the Old Before you are able to face the new, you must relinquish the old. If you want a new car or house, then bless the
Key Institutional Stakeholders in Maritime Safety and Fundamental Concepts The Responsibilities of States in Relation to Maritime Safety (Flag State, Coastal State and Port State) The Challenge of the Safe and Ecological Operation of Ship The Human Element in Safe and Environmentally-Friendly Shipping Key Issues on Ship Design, Construction and Equipment Safety in Navigation, Maritime Traffic Management and Communication at Sea Safety Law Relating to Passenger Ships, Bulk Carriers and Other Types of Vessels Legislation for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods The Safety of Fixed and Floating Offshore Platforms From Maritime Safety to Maritime Security: The Problem of Piracy and Terrorism Case Study: A Practical Guide to Safety Regulations in the Shipping Industry.
A ship’s hull is a box girder structure composed of stiffened plating, and it is subjected to longitudinal bending load produced by distributed hull weight, cargo weight, buoyancy force and wave force. The hull strength against longitudinal bending/shearing loads is called longitudinal strength, which may be the most fundamental strength of a ship structure. This is because the buckling/plastic collapse of the deck and/or bottom structure takes place and a ship’s hull may break if the working longitudinal bending moment exceeds the capacity of the cross-section. It can be said that ship structures do not undergo buckling/plastic collapse if the working load is below the design load. However, a ship’s hull may be exposed to an extreme load in some occasions when the ship fails to escape from a storm or when the cargo and/or ballast is unduly loaded. It should be noted that an ordinary load below the design load can also be an extreme load for a ship’s hull suffering from corrosion damag
GENERAL CONSULTING The Basic Principles of Effective Consulting by Linda K. Stroh and Homer H. Johnson (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2005) Become a Top Consultant by Ron Tepper (Hoboken, NJ:Wiley, 1987) The Complete Guide to Consulting Success, 3rd ed. by Howard Shenson,Ted Nicholas, and Paul Franklin (Chicago: Dearborn Trade, 1997) The Consultant’s Handbook: How to Start and Develop Your Own Practice by Stephan Schiffman (Cincinnati, OH:Adams Media, 2000) The Consultant’s Manual by Thomas L. Greenbaum (Hoboken, NJ:Wiley, 1994) Consulting for Dummies, 2nd ed. by Bob Nelson and Peter Economy (Foster City, CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 2008)
MBA can significantly advance your career by: ● equip the student with a strong theoretical and practical framework to permit him/her to analyse complex projects from first principles ● develop a deep understanding of how debt and equity are balanced within project financing structures, so as to meet the needs of project participants with different drivers and objectives and to optimise the final debt structure ● develop an appreciation in breadth and depth of the core financial documents and commercial contracts employed in the sector ● provide a full understanding of the potential sources of finance for different types of project, in a wide range of industrial sectors (notably power, oil & gas and infrastructure) and geographical centres – as well as their relative merits and de-merits ● build a detailed knowledge of modern project finance practice and an understanding of how government and parastatal bodies’ roles and activities impinge upon the financing of projects ● allow th
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Identify the role of the ship manager within the context of the development of the marine industry. Explain both the ISM and ISPS Codes and their interrelationship with the manager. Describe the linkage between quality, safety management and environmental systems. Assess the management of resources and operations for vessel activities. Analyse core business requirements such as accounting, customer service, law and insurance. Create and present professional written business reports.
Papers are invited from academics working on such developments in universities, colleges and academies, from training coordinators and managers in industry, and from professional engineers who have recent experience of such programmes as students. Relevant topics include: Case studies of academic collaborations, partnerships, and alliances. Case studies of partnerships between industry and academia. Benefits and difficulties experienced in collaborative ventures. Innovative programme structures such as for part-time or in-work students. Formalised professional development programmes set up within industry. Experiences of less conventional modes of delivery, such as ‘flying faculty’, distance learning, and moocs (massive online open courses). Developments in technology for teaching and learning, including equipment, software, the internet, and apps. Developments established in other sectors that could be applied in the maritime context. Authors of s
MBA can significantly advance your career by giving you: > The confidence to operate across all areas of your industry > Enhanced capabilities to lead, think and act more strategically > Awareness of personal strengths and opportunities for improvement > The ability to apply knowledge as you learn it in real time and in the real world > An understanding of the challenges in other areas of your industry, and in other sectors > A demonstrable ability to meet the challenges of a senior management role > The academic skills and intellectual habits to continue developing after completing the MBA > Networking and support opportunities through lifelong alumni membership.
References [1] Collar, P. G. et al. (1995). “Autosub: an autonomous unmanned submersible for ocean data collection,” Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal,Vol.7 issue 3 pp.105‐114. [2] Kristensen, J. et al. (1998). “Hugin‐an untethered underwater vehicle for seabed surveying,” OCEANS ’98, Conf. Proc. Vol.1 pp.118‐123. [3] Ferguson, J. S. (1998). “The Theseus autonomous underwater vehicle. Two successful missions,” Underwater Technology’98 Proc. 1998 Symposium    pp.109‐114. [4] Mellingham, J. G. et al. (1993). “Demonstration of a high‐performance, low‐cost autonomous underwater vehicle,” MITSG 93‐28. [5] Bradley, A. M. et al. (2000). “Extending the Endurance of an Operational Scientific AUV using Lithium‐ion Batteries,” Proc. of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Showcase (UUVS) 2000. [6] Stokey, R. P. et al. (2005). “Development of the REMUS 600 autonomous underwater vehicle,” OCEANS 2005 Proc. of MTS/IEEE, Vol.2 pp. 1301‐1304. [7] Scamans, G.M. et al. (1994). “Aluminum fuel c
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The Prophet’s Birth The Ka`bah today Muhammad, son of Abdullah, son of Abdul Muttalib, of the tribe of Quraysh, was born in Makkah fifty-three years before the Hijrah. His father died before he was born, and he was protected first by his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib, and after his grandfather’s death, by his uncle Abu Talib. As a young boy he traveled with his uncle in the merchants’ caravan to Syria, and some years afterwards made the same journey in the service of a wealthy widow named Khadijah. So faithfully did he transact the widow’s business, and so excellent was the report of his behavior, which she received from her old servant who had accompanied him, that she soon afterwards married her young agent; and the marriage proved a very happy one, though she was fifteen years older than he was. Throughout the twenty-six years of their life together he remained devoted to her; and after her death, when he took other wives he always mentioned her with the greatest love an